Avignon has preserved almost its medieval appearance, including its ring of walls, narrow streets, and the impressive Papal Palace, to which it owes much of its worldwide fame: it was here that the Avignon—or, as Petrarch called it, the "Babylonian"—captivity of the popes took place, lasting nearly 70 years (1309-1377).
They weren't kept locked up; the French kings found it easier to manipulate the pontiffs by having them close at hand, but the pontiffs themselves were reluctant to return to a turbulent, strife-torn Rome. Especially since all seven Avignon popes were French...
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