Every Hardware Protocol Explained in 6 Minutes

Опубликовано: 15 Май 2026
на канале: Techs Explained

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Ever wondered how chips and devices actually talk to each other? In this video I break down 6 of the most important hardware communication protocols UART, SPI, I2C, CAN, RS232, and 1-Wire so you can finally understand what's happening inside every circuit board.

This video introduces various communication protocols including UART, SPI, I2C, CAN, RS232, and 1-Wire, illustrating their basic connections and applications. It highlights the simplicity of UART with its two-wire system and asynchronous serial communication, contrasting it with other protocols through diagrams and real-world examples like vehicle interiors. For anyone interested in electronics basics and understanding how communication works between devices, this protocol breakdown explains the fundamentals.

⏱️ Timestamps:
00:00 UART Explained (Asynchronous Communication)
00:50 SPI Explained (Fast Synchronous Protocol)
01:39 I2C Explained (Multi-Device Communication)
02:29 CAN Explained (Automotive Network)
03:30 RS232 Explained (Legacy Serial Communication)
04:35 1-Wire Explained (Single Wire Communication)

📚 References & Basic Wiring Schematics

UART
TX → RX
RX → TX
GND → GND

SPI
SCLK – Serial Clock
MOSI – Master Out Slave In
MISO – Master In Slave Out
CS – Chip Select

I2C
SDA – Data
SCL – Clock
(Uses pull-up resistors on both lines)

CAN Bus
CANH – CAN High
CANL – CAN Low

RS232
TX → RX
RX → TX
GND → GND
Uses higher voltage levels (≈ ±12V) and typically a DB9 connector.

1-Wire
DATA → Single data line
GND → Ground
(Uses a pull-up resistor on the data line)
Devices have unique 64-bit IDs (example: DS18B20 temperature sensor).

Recommended reading:
UART communication basics: https://docs.arduino.cc/learn/communi...
SPI protocol overview: https://docs.arduino.cc/learn/communi...
I2C specification: https://docs.arduino.cc/learn/communi...
CAN bus architecture: https://docs.arduino.cc/learn/communi...
RS232 serial standard: https://www.analog.com/en/resources/t...
1-Wire protocol documentation: https://docs.arduino.cc/learn/communi...