Perineal Body | Gynecological Perineum | Episiotomy
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The 10 muscles of the perineum converge and interlace in the perineal body. These are as follows:
• Two superficial transverse perineal muscles.
• Two deep transverse perineal muscles.
• Two bulbospongiosus muscles.
• Two levator ani muscles.
• One sphincter ani externus.
• One longitudinal muscle coat of anal canal.
Arterial supply: The internal pudendal artery, a branch of the internal iliac artery forms the primary blood supply for the perineal body.
Nerve supply: The perineal branch of the pudendal nerve (S2 to S4), supplies the perineal body.
Clinical anatomy:
• Damage of perineal body: The perineal body is extremely important in female in maintaining the integrity of the pelvic diaphragm and providing support to the pelvic organs. It may be damaged during difficult childbirth or cut inadvertently during episiotomy. This may result in prolapse of the uterus, bladder, and rectum.
• Episiotomy: It is an incision given in the perineum to enlarge the vaginal orifice to facilitate childbirth