While creating JDBC applications we directly hard code connection properties in an application . It has the following properties
1. When we want to change the driver in an application then we need to reopen the java code and then we need to modify the code.
2. when we do changes in java code then we need to recompile then we need to reload application into server in some times we need to restart the server.
3. If want to change from one database to another then again we need to do the above two steps.
To overcome the above problem we got the properties file usage in jdbc programming. A properties file is a text file which contains data in key = value pair format. This file can be stored with extension .properties A java program reads the values of properties file using associated keys at run time. So a java program will become as independent of databases and independent drivers.