PAINTS: Characteristics and Types! How to Choose Wall Paint?
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Today, we'll discuss how to choose wall paint and the different types of paint available:
Characteristics
We would highlight three key characteristics for choosing paint.
These are Hiding Power, Vapor Permeability, and Durability.
Hiding power is the ability to cover the surface color.
Vapor Permeability is the ability to "breathe." This is an important indicator for wet areas.
Durability, or wear resistance, essentially refers to how often and with what products a painted wall can be washed.
Generally, paints can be divided into two types: water-based and solvent-based. But to avoid confusion, we've decided to name each type of paint and explain its properties, characteristics, and applications.
Let's start with water-based paints.
Also known as water-based or water-soluble paints, these are among the most economical types of paint. They use ordinary water as a solvent. These paints dry relatively quickly, are odorless, and are relatively inexpensive.
Their main properties depend on the polymers used in their production.
They can be based on:
PVA;
acrylic resins;
latex.
The cheapest, but also the most unstable, emulsion is PVA-based. It stains easily and is susceptible to moisture. It's not used on walls; at most, it's used on the ceiling in a room with a non-aggressive environment, such as a living room or bedroom.
Now, acrylic paints. This type of paint is made using acrylic resins. After application, they form a thin protective film that is resistant to moisture and mechanical stress. These coatings are often used in rooms with excessive moisture. Walls dry fairly quickly after treatment with this material. Furthermore, they don't have a strong odor.
Acrylic paint is usually sold as a white base to which a colorant—a color pigment—is added. Paint is most often tinted directly at the store, but you can also do it yourself.
Next, let's talk about silicone paints:
This emulsion based on silicone resins is one of the newest products on the construction market. It has many positive qualities. It is suitable not only for interior work but also for façade painting. Its clear advantages include vapor permeability and non-wetting, which is why it is most often used for bathrooms.
It has good resistance to mechanical damage, UV radiation, heat resistance, and antiseptic properties. The only significant drawback is its high price.
However, such emulsions are rare in their pure form. Acrylic-silicone mixtures are most commonly offered.
And last, but not least, is latex paint.
This is a type of water-soluble paint.
These are water-based emulsions based on latex copolymers with added rubbers. Which paint is better for apartment walls: acrylic or latex? Think about it. It's impossible to choose that way. It all depends on the purpose. I'll just say that latex paints are even more durable and water-resistant, but also more expensive.
Walls treated with such paints and varnishes can be washed frequently, even if the layer thickness is quite thin. Latex emulsion is often used to decorate rooms with high humidity. It is also recommended for application over paintable wallpaper and for creating decorative plaster effects, such as faux brick walls.
Like acrylics, latex coatings are mixed with colorant to achieve the desired shade. They come in matte and glossy finishes.
Where should I choose which paint?
The most aggressive environment in an apartment is the kitchen. Here you'll find humidity, high temperatures, and splashes of water and grease. Not every coating can withstand this. The materials need to be appropriate: waterproof, vapor-permeable, and with good abrasion resistance. Latex and silicone emulsions meet these requirements.
The same applies to bathrooms—we also experience high humidity here, especially when combined with steam.
The bedroom and living room are a more forgiving environment. They don't require wear-resistant or waterproof coatings. Acrylic paint can help you avoid financial costs. However, choose products that are labeled for wet cleaning so you can wipe down the surface periodically.
In children's rooms, safety is paramount. When choosing, pay attention to the material's eco-friendliness and hypoallergenicity.
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