Who are the Kalkans? The first mentions of the Ingush in Russian written sources
The Ingush are first mentioned in Russian written sources of the late Middle Ages as "Kalkans." Archival documents from the 16th and 17th centuries repeatedly use the term "Kalkan," which refers to the Ingush's self-designation "Glalgla." This thesis is confirmed by many researchers and experts on the Caucasus.
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