China's Rare Earth Subsidies and Structural Advantages - Jim Kennedy @ TEAC12
China's Rare Earth Subsidies and Structural Advantages Report (PDF) can be downloaded here:
https://thoriumenergyalliance.com/wp-...
James Kennedy introduces this report to Thorium Energy Alliance Conference #12 (TEAC12) attendees.
A Comprehensive List of China's Advantages That Must Be Overcome for Any U.S. or Allied Rare Earth Project's Success
In 1997, the CCP formally codified the 16-Character Policy. The "16-Character Policy" is the CCP's overall direction that underlies the blurring of the lines berween State and commercial entities, and military and commercial interests. The sixteen characters literally mean:
Combine the military and civil.
Combine peace and war.
Give priority to military products.
Let the civil support the military.
China has exclusive control over the separation over all high-operating-temperature rare earths magnet metals: Tb, Dy, Ho & Sm (in addition to Gd, Eu and most other heavy rare earths).
This forces all REE producers to ship these materials to China for separation (including U.S. and Australian producers - funded by our DoD and DoE).
Tb, Dy and Ho are typically found in deposits with elevated levels of thorium.
Thorium is classified as nuclear source material, making U.S. / IAEA production of Tb, Dy and Ho highly problematic.
All high value REE separation happens in China. All high temp NdFeB magnets are dependent on Tb & Dy from China.
China controls all EV, wind turbine & military grade NdFeB magnet production.
This Document Was Prepared for:
U.S. House Caucus on Critical Materials
U.S. House and Senate Natural Resource Committees
U.S. House and Senate Armed Services Committees
The White House National Security and Economic Council
U.S. Department of Energy
U.S. Department of Defense
U.S. Allied Partner Governments
U.S. and Allied Financial Institutions
List of Authors / Contributors, and Peer Review Expert:
Dr. George Bauk, Dr. Sotiris Kamenopoulos, Dr. Ned Mamula, Dr. Anthony Caruso, James Kennedy, Guillaume Pitron, John Kutsch, Dr. James Conca, Jack Lifton, Dr. Marina Y. Zhang.