Haloalkanes and Haloarenes - Class 12th | Organic Chemistry | Basic Concepts and Classification.
In this video we discussed about;
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes - Class 12th | Organic Chemistry | Basic Concepts and Classification.
• Haloalkanes:-
Haloalkanes are organic chemical compounds formed by replacement of one or more hydrogen atom from an alkane group by a halogen group (elements of group 17 such as chlorine, bromine, Fluorine, iodine, etc.).
Haloalkanes are saturated organic compounds that have all the chemical bonds attached to the carbon atom in single bonds and the halogen atom is attached to a single carbon atom.
• Haloarenes:-
Aryl Halides/Haloarenes/Halogenoarene are aromatic compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms attached to an aromatic ring is replaced by a halogen group. Haloarenes mainly differ from haloalkanes in the method of preparation and in its properties. This class compound and its derivatives are very broad and used for several purposes. One of the most important members of haloarene class is aryl chlorides.
When a hydrogen atom in an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon is replaced by halogen atoms then the compounds are termed as haloalkanes and haloarenes. If a hydrogen atom is replaced from an aliphatic hydrocarbon by a halogen atom the resulting compound formed is called as haloalkane. It is also known as alkyl halide and halogenalkane.
However, if a hydrogen atom is replaced from an aromatic hydrocarbon by a halogen atom the resulting compound formed is known as haloarene. It is also known as aryl halide or halogenoarene. In a haloalkene (R – X), X represents halogen group. It is attached to an sp3 hybridized atom of an alkyl group whereas in haloarene (Ar – X) the halogen is attached to an sp2 hybridized atom of an aryl group.
Examples of Haloalkanes:-
Ethyl bromide − CH3CH2 − Br (sp3C)
Example of Haloarenes:-
Bromobenzene − C6H5Br (sp2C)
Classification of Haloalkanes & Haloarenes.
They can be classified on the basis of-
•Number of hydrogen atoms.
•Compounds with sp3 C—X Bond.
•Compounds having the sp2 C-X Bond.
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