Nappy Area Rash Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment
This video is about Napkin Dermatitis or Nappy Area Dermatitis. Nappy dermatitis is caused by overhydration of the skin, maceration, prolonged contact with urine and feces, retained diaper soaps, and topical preparations and is a prototypical example of irritant contact dermatitis. Signs and symptoms are restricted in most individuals to the area covered by diapers. Napkin dermatitis follows damage to the normal skin barrier and is primarily a form of irritant contact dermatitis. Urine and occlusion lead to overhydration and skin maceration.
Fecal bile salts and enzymes break down stratum corneum lipids and proteins.
A mixture of urine and feces creates ammonium hydroxide, raising pH.
The wet skin is colonized by micro-organisms, particularly candida.
Mechanical friction from limb movement may increase discomfort.
Pre-existing skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis or seborrheic dermatitis predispose a baby to napkin dermatitis.
Babies who are breastfed have a lower incidence of napkin dermatitis, as feces in breastfed babies have a lower pH than in formula-fed babies. As babies start to eat solid foods, the stool frequency and pH start to increase and napkin dermatitis occurs more often.
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