7 Facts about the British Indian Ocean Territory
In this video you can find seven little known facts about the British Indian Ocean Territories. Keep watching and subscribe, as more British territories will follow!
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1. The British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) is a British overseas territory of the United Kingdom situated in the Indian Ocean halfway between Tanzania and Indonesia. The territory comprises the seven atolls of the Chagos Archipelago with over 1,000 individual islands – many very small – amounting to a total land area of 60 square kilometres.
2. The only inhabitants are US and British military personnel and associated contractors, who collectively number around 2,500 (2012 figures).
3. The removal of Chagossians from the Chagos Archipelago occurred between 1968 and 1973. The Chagossians, then numbering about 2,000 people, were expelled by the British government to Mauritius and Seychelles to allow the United States to build a military base there. Today, the exiled Chagossians are still trying to return, arguing that the forced expulsion and dispossession was illegal. The islands are off-limits to Chagossians, casual tourists, and the media.
4. In 1965, the United Kingdom split the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius and the islands of Aldabra, Farquhar and Desroches (Des Roches) from the Seychelles to form the British Indian Ocean Territory. The islands were formally established as an overseas territory of the United Kingdom on 8 November 1965. On 23 June 1976, Aldabra, Farquhar and Desroches were returned to Seychelles as a result of its attaining independence. On 23 June 2017, the United Nations General Assembly voted in favour of referring the territorial dispute between Mauritius and the UK to the International Court of Justice in order to clarify the legal status of the Chagos Islands archipelago in the Indian Ocean.
5. As a territory of the United Kingdom, the head of state is Elizabeth II. There is no governor appointed to represent the Queen on the territory, as there are no longer any native inhabitants. The head of government is the commissioner and an administrator, all of whom reside in the United Kingdom. The laws of the territory are based on the constitution, which gives the Commissioner full powers to make laws for the territory. As almost all residents of the BIOT are members of the United States military, however, in practice crimes are more commonly charged under United States military law.
6. Camp Justice is a settlement within the US-UK Naval Support Facility on Diego Garcia, a small, strategically located, isolated island in the Indian Ocean. It acts as the capital of the Overseas Territory. Starting as early as 2004 rumors began to surface that the United States had been using Diego Garcia as a black site for the detention and torture of individuals captured in the "Global War On Terror".
7. The territory is an archipelago of 55 islands, the largest being Diego Garcia, accounting for almost half of the total land area of the territory, which is 60 km². The terrain is flat and low, with most areas not exceeding 2 metres above sea level. The climate is tropical marine; hot, humid, and moderated by trade winds. In 2010 545,000 square kilometres of ocean around the islands was declared a marine reserve.
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