Preparation for surgery (tests, examinations, consultations)
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WARNING! This video is for educational and informational purposes only. There are contraindications.
Before using the recommendations and advice in the video, ALWAYS consult your doctor!
This video concerns preparation for a planned surgery, which can be performed at any time, but is best done during the next cold season.
Before proceeding with specific tests and examinations, it is important to understand two basic concepts: indications and contraindications. These two concepts define the essence of preoperative preparation.
What is an indication for surgery?
This refers to the presence of a diagnosis in the patient that requires surgical treatment.
What is a contraindication for surgery?
This refers to the presence of concomitant medical conditions in the patient that can significantly complicate the course of the surgery and anesthesia, even resulting in death. So, the purpose of a preoperative examination is to assess the condition of the body's organs and systems and to identify any contraindications to surgery. These contraindications can be temporary or permanent.
I think you now understand that the purpose of a preoperative examination is not to torture a person, as some patients think. It is to assess the condition of their organs and systems and identify any diseases that could complicate the surgery.
How is a person's condition assessed?
It is assessed based on the results of tests, instrumental examinations, and examinations by doctors of various specialties.
So, here's a list of basic tests and examinations required for most surgeries.
Tests
Complete blood count.
Urinalysis.
Blood biochemistry (glucose, bilirubin, urea, creatinine, AST, ALT, total protein).
Blood coagulation test (this can be APTT, CVS, etc.)
Blood syphilis test. Blood tests for HIV.
Blood tests for hepatitis.
Instrumental examinations
ECG (electrocardiography).
Abdominal ultrasound.
FGDS (bulb swallowing).
Fluorography.
Doctor consultations
Consultation with a general practitioner or cardiologist.
Gynecologist consultation (for women).
Urologist consultation (for men).
Now I will list the procedures performed before surgery.
The last meal should be no later than 6:00 PM the day before surgery. You can drink water until bedtime. On the day of surgery, you are strictly prohibited from eating or drinking!
Take a shower or bath the day before surgery.
Enemas are administered the evening before surgery and the morning of the surgery. Enemas can be replaced with special solutions that promote bowel cleansing, such as Fortrans.
The morning before surgery, the surgical site is shaved. The shave must be dry. Before the surgery itself, you must urinate.
If you experience anxiety that interferes with sleep the night before the surgery, you should take appropriate medications. These medications must be discussed with your doctor.
Now, a summary and conclusions.
Every patient undergoing a planned surgery must have indications for the procedure and no contraindications.
Preoperative tests and examinations are necessary to assess the patient's condition and identify any underlying medical conditions.
If any abnormalities are detected in the tests or examinations, it is necessary to first identify the cause of these abnormalities and then address it.
Never neglect preoperative testing; this will minimize surgical risks.