1. Ping
Purpose: Test connectivity between devices.
Step:
Open Command Prompt (Windows) or Terminal (Mac/Linux).
Type ping [IP address/domain] (e.g., ping 192.168.1.1 or ping google.com).
Review the response time and packet loss to identify connectivity issues.
2. Traceroute (tracert)
Purpose: Trace the route packets take to reach a destination and identify bottlenecks.
Step:
Open Command Prompt or Terminal.
Type tracert [IP address/domain] (e.g., tracert google.com).
Analyze the route and look for delays or timeouts.
3.Wireshark
Purpose: Analyze network traffic at a granular level.
Step:
Open Wireshark and start a new capture session.
Filter traffic (e.g., http, icmp) based on the issue.
Analyze packet data for any irregularities or errors.
4.nslookup
Purpose: Check DNS resolution and troubleshoot domain-related issues.
Step:
Open Command Prompt or Terminal.
Type nslookup [domain name] (e.g., nslookup google.com).
Verify DNS server responses and resolve domain resolution issues.
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