EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) is a Cisco-proprietary routing protocol used within a network or autonomous system. It combines features of distance vector and link-state protocols. EIGRP uses advanced metrics, such as bandwidth, delay, and reliability, to calculate the best path to a destination. It employs the Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) for loop-free paths and fast convergence. EIGRP routers establish neighbor relationships and exchange routing information. It supports load balancing, VLSM, and CIDR. EIGRP is widely used in Cisco networks but is not interoperable with other routing protocols.