Isotope, isobars and Isotones | Nuclear Physics |
• Atoms of the same element, which exhibit the same chemical properties (same atomic number), but differ in mass, are called isotopes.
• The nuclei of isotopes of a given element contain the same number of protons, but differ from each other in their number of neutrons.
• As the atoms of isotopes have identical electronic structure they have identical chemical behaviour and are placed in the same location in the periodic table.
• All nuclides with same mass number A are called isobars. For example, the nuclides 3 H1 and 3He2 are isobars.
• Nuclides with same neutron number N but different atomic number Z, for example 198Hg80 and 197 Au79 , are called isotones.
• It was found that practically every element consists of a mixture of several isotopes.
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