(N14) Operating System - types of OS, kernel and shell,Windows and Linux difference
20230118 154733
What is an Operating System?
An Operating system (OS) is a software which acts as an interface between the end user and computer hardware.
Every computer must have at least one OS to run other programs.
An application like Chrome, MS Word, Games, etc needs some environment in which it will run and perform its task.
The OS helps you to communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the computer's language.
It is not possible for the user to use any computer or mobile device without having an operating system.
OS Architecture
Kernel
-Interacts with Hardware
-Kernel Manages:
-Hardware management
-Disk Management
-Process management
-Network management
-Memory Management
Shell
-Interacts with user
-provide user interface
-runs applications
Linux/Unix:
-*Bourne Again Shell – BASH
-Bourne Shell – Sh
-tsh
-csh
-ksh
User Interface:
CLI – Command Line Interface
GUI – Graphical User Interface
TUI – Text Based or Terminal Based User Interface
Types of OS:
SOS – Simple Operating System:
Desktop OS: MS DOS, Windows XP, 7 , 10
NOS – Network Operating System:
Server OS: Windows Server 2019,2016, Linux , Unix …
User and Task – Type of OSs
SUST: Single user Single Task: MS DOS
SUMT: Single User Multi Task: Windows XP,7, 10..Win server 2019..
MUMT: Multi User Multi Task: Unix/Linux
Real-time operating system – Any thing that is Automated (RLINIX)
Distributed OS
Mobile Operating System – Android ,IOS, Symbian, Tizen, Black Berry , Windows Phone
Desktop OS: Application, Games, Data processing, Multimedia, web browsing, programming, Playing –Audio, Video, it’s a Client PC or End user Device
Server OS: Support Server Applications, Built in Server features
In server os by installing server applications, built in features/roles, packages a server can provide a particular service, so we call it as a particular server.
DHCP SERVER
DNS SERVER
VPN SERVER
WEB SERVER – Application Server(Middleware Server)
FILE SERVER
Mail Server -MS Exchange App
Authentication Server – ADDS
Proxy Server
Remote Desktop Server
Deployment Server
Database Server - Oracle DB, MySql.,
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Windows OS Linux
Not Open Source Open Source -https://kernel.org/
Proprietary of Microsoft No Proprietary
Developed by Linus Trovalds
GUI Based, less CLI Powerful -CLI based, less GUI
Microsoft distribute Win OS Anyone Distribute Linux based OS Ubuntu, Centos, RHEL, Debian, fedora…
Not case sensitive Case Sensitive
Pay for License Free License - GPL - GNU
Virus free -no .exe,win32, registry
Desktop OS and Server OS Server OS, less Desktop
User friendly need trained professional
Administrator - admin Root user - administrator of Linux
Single User Multi Task Multi user multi task
Require more hardware footprint less hardware footprint
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