POWER BI - Measure Vs Calculated Columns
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Power BI Desktop helps you create insights into your data with just a few clicks. But sometimes that data just doesn’t include everything you need to answer some of your most important questions. Measures can help you get there.
Measures are used in some of the most common data analyses. Simple summarizations such as sums, averages, minimum, maximum and counts can be set through the Fields well. The calculated results of measures are always changing in response to your interaction with your reports, allowing for fast and dynamic ad-hoc data exploration. Let’s take a closer look. For more information, see Create measures.
Measures calculate a result from an expression formula. When you create your own measures, you’ll use the Data Analysis Expressions (DAX) formula language. DAX includes a library of over 200 functions, operators, and constructs. Its library provides immense flexibility in creating measures to calculate results for just about any data analysis need.
DAX formulas are a lot like Excel formulas. DAX even has many of the same functions as Excel, such like DATE, SUM, and LEFT. But the DAX functions are meant to work with relational data like we have in Power BI Desktop.
With calculated columns, you can add new data to a table already in your model. But instead of querying and loading values into your new column from a data source, you create a Data Analysis Expressions (DAX) formula that defines the column's values. In Power BI Desktop, calculated columns are created by using the new column feature in Report view.
Unlike custom columns that are created as part of a query by using Add Custom Column in Power Query Editor, calculated columns that are created in Report view or Data view are based on data you've already loaded into the model. For example, you might choose to concatenate values from two different columns in two different but related tables, do addition, or extract substrings.
Calculated columns you create appear in the Fields list just like any other field, but they'll have a special icon showing its values are the result of a formula. You can name your columns whatever you want, and add them to a report visualization just like other fields.