Hash Indexes In Database | The Art of System Design
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At its core, a hash index is a data structure that maps keys to values using a hash function.
The hash function takes a key, such as a user ID or a product code, and converts it into an integer.
This integer is then used as an index in a hash table—essentially an array of buckets—where the corresponding value is stored
For example, if we want to store or find a record with an ID of 123, the hash function converts 123 into an integer, which points to a specific bucket in the hash table where the record is stored