Whole vs Refined Grains
All grains start out as whole grains. Whole grains contain all three parts of the kernel. But some of them are refined during processing. Refining normally removes the bran and the germ, leaving only the endosperm. Without the bran and germ, about 25% of a grain's protein is lost, and are greatly reduced in at least 17 key nutrients. Processors add back some vitamins and minerals to enrich refined grains. But whole grains are healthier, providing more protein, more fiber, and many important vitamins and minerals.
You can see the vast difference in essential nutrients. Refining process significantly reduces protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals from whole grain wheat flour. However, a few nutrients, notably folate, iron, and vitamins B1, B2, and B3 may be added back to the refined wheat flour through enrichment, but others, such as numerous phytochemical, cannot be replaced.
Credit: @wholegrains_council
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