Understanding Pressure Vs Volume Ventilation | Medvarsity
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To deliver a breath, most patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation use either a preset tidal volume (called Volume-Controlled ventilation, VC) or a preset pressure (called Pressure-Controlled ventilation, PC). These controls can be configured using either Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (CMV) or Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation(IMV).
When the patient triggers the ventilator to take a breath using the CMV approach, the ventilator takes the breath by either giving the preset volume in VC or the preset pressure in PC. There are no purely spontaneous breaths in CMV. The IMV approach allows the patient to breathe spontaneously in between mandatory breaths, and when the time comes for a mandatory breath, the ventilator will provide it.
Another option for either VC-IMV or PC-IMV is pressure support ventilation (PSV) (either with or without adding PEEP). PSV adds extra flow to all spontaneous breaths in order to reach a preset pressure. This aids in increasing spontaneous tidal volume, overcoming the resistance of the artificial airway, and reducing the patient's work of breathing.
Ganesh Natarajan explains everything about ventilator modes, with an emphasis on pressure vs volume Ventilation.