what is OS command injection ? | lab portswigger | dvwa
OS command injection
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In this section, we'll explain what OS command injection is, describe how vulnerabilities can be detected and exploited, spell out some useful commands and techniques for different operating systems, and summarize how to prevent OS command injection.
What is OS command injection?
OS command injection (also known as shell injection) is a web security vulnerability that allows an attacker to execute arbitrary operating system (OS) commands on the server that is running an application, and typically fully compromise the application and all its data. Very often, an attacker can leverage an OS command injection vulnerability to compromise other parts of the hosting infrastructure, exploiting trust relationships to pivot the attack to other systems within the organization.
Executing arbitrary commands
Consider a shopping application that lets the user view whether an item is in stock in a particular store. This information is accessed via a URL like:
https://insecure-website.com/stockSta...
To provide the stock information, the application must query various legacy systems. For historical reasons, the functionality is implemented by calling out to a shell command with the product and store IDs as arguments:
stockreport.pl 381 29
This command outputs the stock status for the specified item, which is returned to the user.
The three lines of output demonstrate that:
The original stockreport.pl command was executed without its expected arguments, and so returned an error message.
The injected echo command was executed, and the supplied string was echoed in the output.
The original argument 29 was executed as a command, which caused an error.
Placing the additional command separator & after the injected command is generally useful because it separates the injected command from whatever follows the injection point. This reduces the likelihood that what follows will prevent the injected command from executing.
LAB
OS command injection, simple case
This lab contains an OS command injection vulnerability in the product stock checker.
The application executes a shell command containing user-supplied product and store IDs, and returns the raw output from the command in its response.
To solve the lab, execute the whoami command to determine the name of the current user.
Access the lab
Solution
Use Burp Suite to intercept and modify a request that checks the stock level.
Modify the storeID parameter, giving it the value 1|whoami.
Observe that the response contains the name of the current user.
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