Conjunctions and the meanings of compound sentences (9th grade, video lesson presentation)
Russian language video lesson for 9th grade.
Topic: Conjunctions and meanings of compound sentences
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Depending on the type of coordinating conjunction used to connect the parts of a compound sentence, all compound sentences are divided into groups:
with coordinating conjunctions;
with adversative conjunctions;
with disjunctive conjunctions.
with comparative, ~or gradational conjunctions.
with coordinating conjunctions.
Compound sentences with coordinating conjunctions.
To connect simple sentences in a compound sentence, the coordinating conjunctions ~and, ~da (meaning "and"), ~and...and, ~neither...nor, ~too, ~also" are used. For example,
The stars are quietly fading, but the dawn is beginning.
In this sentence, the conjunction "da" expresses the meaning of simultaneity. Here you can insert the words ~at the same time, ~at the same time:
The stars are quietly fading, but at the same time it's beginning to dawn.
The door creaked, and the mistress of the house entered.
A sentence with the conjunction and~ expresses the meaning of sequence. Here you can insert the words ~then, ~after that:
The door creaked, and then the mistress of the house entered.
The sparrow felt very cold, and pressed itself closer to the window.
A sentence with the conjunction and expresses the meaning of consequence. Here you can insert the words ~therefore, ~because of this, ~as a consequence:
The sparrow felt very cold, and therefore pressed itself closer to the window.
Neither the viburnum grows between them, nor the grass turns green.
The sentence with the conjunction ~neither…~nor expresses the meaning of mutual exclusion. It can be replaced with the words ~as…as well as:
Just as the viburnum doesn't grow between them, so the grass doesn't turn green.
And the sun shines brighter, and the days have grown longer.
The sentence with the conjunction ~and…~and expresses the meaning of simultaneity.
I've long since gotten used to her; she treated me with the same goodwill.
This sentence with the conjunction also~ expresses the meaning of adjunction.
Compound sentences with adversative conjunctions.
To connect simple sentences into complex sentences, the adversative conjunctions ~a, ~no, ~da (meaning but), ~zato, ~zhe, ~odna. For example,
The cook has been banging pots and pans since morning, and Marfa Nikitichna is cleaning the room. This sentence uses the conjunction a~ to express comparison.
We barely knew each other, but we wanted to trust our new companion more and more.
This sentence uses the conjunction but to express concession.
Everything passes, but not everything is forgotten.
The sentence uses the conjunction da~ to express an adversative meaning.
The little elephant rarely performed in public, but his talent was known in all the nearby towns.
This sentence uses the conjunction but~ to express a comparative meaning with a hint of compensation.
The gunfire died down, but occasional flashes of fire lingered for a long time as a reminder of the heavy fighting.
The sentence uses the conjunction however~ to express an adversative meaning with a hint of incongruity.
Studies and dinner made the days very interesting, but the evenings were rather dull.
A sentence with the conjunction "еж~" expresses the meaning of comparison.
Compound sentences with disjunctive conjunctions.
To connect simple sentences in a complex sentence, the disjunctive conjunctions ~or, ~either, ~that - that, ~not that - not that, ~whether - whether. For example,
Can you figure this out, or are we going to wait for our mechanic again?
This sentence with the conjunction "еж~" expresses the meaning of mutual exclusion.
You must participate in the research, or it shouldn't be conducted at all.
This sentence with the conjunction "еж~" also expresses the meaning of mutual exclusion.
Either lightning flashes ominously, or thunder rolls menacingly.
A sentence with the repeated conjunction "еж~ - еж~" expresses the meaning of a sequential succession of events.
Either no one knew about the exhibition, or the exhibits failed to arouse the interest of viewers.
The sentence with the repeated conjunction "neto~" - "neto~" expresses a disjunctive meaning with a hint of uncertainty.
Either there was a lack of desire to win, or poor preparation.
This sentence with the repeated conjunction "neither~" - "nei~" also expresses a disjunctive meaning with a hint of uncertainty.
Compound sentences with comparative, or gradational, conjunctions.
To connect simple sentences in a complex sentence, the comparative conjunctions ~ not only...but also, ~ although and...but, ~ not as much...as. For example,
Not only were there many merchants at the fair, but buyers also came from all over the area.
This sentence with the comparative conjunction "not only~...but also~" expresses a disjunctive meaning with a hint of intensification of the second clause of the complex s...