What is a Microprocessor ? || How does a Microprocessor work ? || Introduction to Microprocessor
What does Microprocessor mean?
A microprocessor is a component that performs the instructions and tasks involved in computer processing. In a computer system, the microprocessor is the central unit that executes and manages the logical instructions passed to it.
A microprocessor may also be called a processor or central processing unit, but it is actually more advanced in terms of architectural design and is built over a silicon microchip.
Techopedia explains Microprocessor
A microprocessor is the most important unit within a computer system and is responsible for processing the unique set of instructions and processes. A microprocessor is designed to execute logical and computational tasks with typical operations such as addition/subtraction, interprocess and device communication, input/output management, etc. A microprocessor is composed of integrated circuits that hold thousands of transistors; exactly how many depends on its relative computing power.
Microprocessors are generally classified according to the number of instructions they can process within a given time, their clock speed measured in megahertz and the number of bits used per instruction.
#Processor #CPU
Processor is also known as micro-processor or CPU (central processing unit).
It is the heart of the system.
It accept input from input devices such as keyboard or Mouse and process the data using instruction and sends the processed information to the output device such as Monitor.
The Microprocessor requires information to process the data . It retrieves this information from the external memory such as RAM.
The Microprocessor first check for information that it needs to process , the data in L1 cache memory.
Cache Hit: If the microprocessor finds the required information in the cache memory , it is known as Cache Hit.
Cache Miss: If the microprocessor does not find the required information in cache memory , it is known as Cache Miss.
Clock-speed
FSB(front side bus)
Cache Memory(L1,L2)
The speed of microprocessor depends on various factors . such as : the number instructions it process , the bandwidth and the clock speed.
Bandwidth: It specifies the number of binary digits that the microprocessor can process in a single instruction.
Clock speed :It specifies the speed at which the microprocessor processes an instruction . The clock speed of the micro processor varies from 66MHz to 3.8GHz.
The speed of CPU also depends on the number of transistor built into the processor.
The transistor in the microprocessor boost the data signals on the processor .
The larger the number of transistors built on the microprocessor the faster is the speed of the microprocessor
FSB : Front Side Bus refers to the bus that connects the CPU to the system memory . It is also known as System Bus or Memory Bus.
It measures the speed at which the CPU communicates with the RAM . FSB connects the CPU to the north bridge of the motherboard . The north bridge holds the memory controller and allows the processor to communicate with the memory.
FSB speed ranges from 66 to 1333 MHz .
The speed of FSB can be set up using the BIOS setup program .
Cache Memory: Cache memory is also known as CPU memory . It is high speed SRAM .
This memory is integrated directly into the CPU chip .
There are various cache memory like : L1,L2 and L3 cache memory.
Every Microprocessor has a certain operating voltage specification . Lowering voltage of the microprocessor decreases the power consumption .
All microprocessor voltage range is about 1.2v to 2.5v to work.
There are two primary manufacturers of computer Microprocessors.
1). Intel
2). AMD(Advanced Micro Device)
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