An earthworm is an earthly invertebrate that may be found in soils all over the globe if soil, water, and temperature conditions are favourable. Earthworms eat a broad range of organic materials and can be found in soils worldwide. Earthworms have been nicknamed "ecosystem engineers" because of their ability to improve the health of an ecosystem.
Earthworms alter the structure of their habitats in a manner similar to that of human engineers. Diverse varieties of earthworms may dig tunnels in both horizontal and vertical directions, some of which can reach great depths in the soil. Oxygen and water may enter the soil through these tunnels, while carbon dioxide can exit the soil, allowing the earth to breathe. It is also crucial to note that earthworm castings, viz their faeces are present in soils and are accountable for a portion of the fine crumb structure found in soils.