CARL JUNG’S THEORY OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
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CARL JUNG
Carl Jung, the Swiss psychologist, belonged to the psychoanalytic school of psychology.
He believed that psyche is made up of three interacting systems- Ego, Personal Unconscious and Collective Unconscious
1. Ego is our conscious mind. It consists of thoughts and feelings of which we are aware.
2. Personal unconscious contains repressed thoughts and feelings. We are not aware of them but influence our personality.
3. Collective unconscious is the universal version of personal unconscious determined by experiences inherited from ancestors. The universal patterns and images, that are part of the collective unconscious, are known as archetypes. Archetypes are represented by universal themes, in different cultures expressed through art and literature
Types of archetypes are, persona, shadow, anima/animus, and the self
1. Persona—the outward face we present to the world
2. Shadow—animal side of our personality, both creative and destructive
3. Anima/animus—a mirror image of our biological sex. Anima-feminine aspect present in male and animus masculine aspect in female.
4. The self is our identity, the real unique personality, a combination of consciousness and unconsciousness
Carl Jung differentiated two types of personalities namely extrovert and introvert.
The main differences between extroverts and introverts are
1. Extroverts are sociable, introverts are withdrawn
2. Extroverts can’t tolerate loneliness, Introverts like to be alone
3. Extroverts are talkative-Introverts are reserved
Jung also classified personality into six types.
Sensing type - focus on information received from the external world
Intuitive type - focus on possibilities⁹
Thinking type - focus on thoughts
Feeling type - focus on emotions
Judging type -focus on evaluation
Perceiving type - focus on relaxation and non-judgment