Command Line Basics Browsing the Directory Tree and Managing Files
This is a brief overview of the following commands: pwd, cd, ls, mkdir, mv, rmdir
The pwd command (which stands for print working directory) displays your current location in the filesystem. The current directory is changed with the cd directory command (cd is for change directory). When you don't specify the target directory, you are taken to your home directory. When you use cd - (dash), you go back to the former working directory (the one in use before the last cd call). The parent directory is always called .. (two dots), whereas the current directory is also known as . (one dot). the ls command allows listing the contents of a directory. if you don't provide parameters, ls operates on the current directory.
you can create a new directory with mkdir directory, and remove an existing (empty) directory with rmdir directory. The mv command allows moving and renaming files and directories; removing a file is achieved with rm file, and copying a file is done with cp source-file target-file.