Chronic kidney disease Clinical guidelines.
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📚 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): A Complete Guide from Beginning to Dialysis | Pathogenesis, Complications, Treatment
🔬 This video is a comprehensive guide to chronic kidney disease (CKD), based on the 2024 clinical guidelines of the Russian Ministry of Health. It will cover the pathogenesis, causes, complications, and treatment algorithms for CKD, from simple to complex, using a clear diagram, understandable language, and real-life clinical examples.
🎓 Suitable for:
• 3rd-6th-year medical students,
• residents,
• general practitioners, internists, and nephrologists,
• anyone preparing for exams, accreditation, or clinical work.
🔎 In the video, you will learn:
📌 Basics:
• What is SCF and why is it important
• The role of creatinine and how the CKD-EPI calculator works
• What is albuminuria and how is it diagnosed
📌 Causes of CKD:
• 📈 Diabetic nephropathy: glycation, endothelium, and hyperfiltration
• 💥 Hypertensive nephropathy: the renin-angiotensin system, hypervolemia
• 🧫 Glomerulonephritis and the role of mesangiocytes in fibrosis
📌 Complications of CKD:
• Acidosis, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia
• Secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism, vascular calcification
• 📉 Anemia of chronic disease: EPO, hepcidin, ferroportin
• 📊 Dyslipidemia and the role of LDL
• 🧠 Uremia: encephalopathy, uremic pericarditis, impaired platelet aggregation
📌 Treatment:
• Methods for correcting acidosis, hyperkalemia, and hyperphosphatemia
• Principles of prescribing EPO, iron, and statins
• Approaches to treating secondary hyperparathyroidism
• Indications for dialysis and the choice between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis
⚙️ Based on:
• 🇷🇺 Clinical guidelines of the Russian Federation (2024)
• Modern nephrology practice
• A detailed diagram visualizing all pathogenetic mechanisms
📎 Additional:
• Summary and SCF calculator — in the "Heritage" Telegram channel
• Abridged clinical guidelines — follow the link in the description
• Homework and practice — at the end of the video
00:00 – Introduction
00:26 – A Nephron Diagram in 30 Seconds
02:34 – What Happens in CKD: Nephron Death, Decreased GFR
03:06 – The Mechanism of Creatinine Formation and Why It's Needed
04:21 – Diagnostic Criteria for CKD: Decreased GFR and Albuminuria
05:26 – Cause #1: Diabetic Nephropathy (Protein Glycation)
07:26 – Cause #2: Hypertensive Nephropathy (Renin-Angiotensin System)
08:29 – Complication: Hypervolemia and the Vicious Cycle
10:35 – Cause #3: Glomerulonephritis and Mysangial Cells
11:45 – Complication: Acidosis (↓pH, ↑H⁺)
13:34 – Complication: Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
17:01 – Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
19:02 – Dyslipidemia in CKD
20:00 – Anemia in CKD
22:03 – Uremia
23:28 – Hyperkalemia and ECG
26:17 – Treatment methods for complications
30:36 – Renal replacement therapy: indications and methods
33:20 – Conclusion and homework