AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER SWITCH CONNECTION
Automatic Changeover Switch (ATS) – Theory
An Automatic Changeover Switch is a device used to automatically switch the power supply from the main source (utility/grid) to a backup source (such as a generator) when the main supply fails, and switch back when the main power is restored.
Working Principle:
1. Normal Operation:
When the main power supply is present, the ATS connects the load to the main supply.
2. Power Failure:
When the main supply fails or voltage drops below a set level, the ATS senses the loss.
It sends a start signal to the generator (if connected).
3. Changeover:
Once the generator starts and reaches a stable voltage, the ATS disconnects the main supply and connects the generator to the load.
4. Restoration:
When the main supply returns and becomes stable, the ATS disconnects the generator and reconnects the load to the main supply.
The generator is stopped automatically after a short cool-down period.
Key Components:
Sensing Circuit: Detects voltage/frequency of main and generator supply.
Switching Mechanism: Contactors or motorized changeover switches to transfer load.
Control Circuit: Coordinates sensing, switching, and generator start/stop.
Applications:
Homes, offices, and industries where uninterrupted power supply is required.
Hospitals, data centers, telecom towers, and factories.
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