Analog Input Sketch, Arduino for Dummies, Page 106.
The analog input is a variable resistor ortherwise known as a potentiometer . The value of the variable resistor is read and the flash rate of the LED controlled. The range of the variable resistor is read as 0 to 1023. This value is directly put into the delay function, where the input parameter is in milliseconds ie thousands of a second. 1000 millseconds represents 1 second and a parameter of 0 milliseconds no delay. The delay function stops the program in the Arduino (or the Atmel ATMega 328PU chip) from continuing, effectively holding up the program for the amount of time passed in through the parameter.