An inguinal hernia occurs when part of the intestines or other tissue protrudes through a weak point in the abdominal wall near the groin, causing discomfort, pain, or a visible bulge. Diagnosis usually involves a physical exam to visually inspect and palpate the area, and the patient may be asked to cough or strain. Imaging tests like ultrasound or CT scans may also be used to confirm the presence and extent of the hernia.