The idea of developing a four-wheel drive all-terrain combat vehicle for transporting personnel and accommodating various weapons for the US Armed Forces dates back to the second half of the 1960s,when the FMC Corporation in San Jose (California) on its own initiative developed and tested an experimental multi-purpose machine XR311 [en] in several implementations (with open and closedbody), equipped with machine gun, small arms grenade launcher and rocket weapons of various calibers and configurations, depending on the specific variant. The XR311 was a two-seater (its crew consisted of a driver and a gunner / operator of onboard weapons) and met the definition of a combat reconnaissance and patrol машины, предназначалась для проведения разного рода разведмероприятий, поисковых и рейдово-засадных действий, патрулирования, сопровождения мотомехколонн, размещения на борту зенитно-ракетных и противотанковых средств (самоходный ЗРК или ПТРК), аппаратуры управления и связи (командно-штабной option for platoon and company commanders, battalion headquarters officers) and so on. At the same time, she passed factory tests in the mountainous desert area of California. The machine had the following characteristics:[2]
Wheel formula - 4 × 4
Engine type - carburetor (gasoline)
Engine power - 215 liters. With.
Power reserve - 480 km
Speed - up to 129 km / h
Climbability — 60°
Overcoming wall - 0.5 m
Crossable ford - 0.76 m
Gearbox - automatic, three-speed
According to its overall characteristics, it approximately corresponded to the serial M155 half-ton SUV (MUTT type).[2]
The specified machine was developed for the Army and purchased in ten pre-production copies (in addition to the two initial prototypes) for trial operation in regular military units, which the machines successfully passed by 1972, after which tests followed.reconnaissance units of the 2nd armored division, but since the army generals considered it inappropriate at that time to purchase vehicles of this kind in favor of more heavily armed and better armored tracked vehicles, the project was postponed [3].
The Armored Directorate formulated a list of requirements for the vehicle being developed, it should have: [4]
diesel engine
automatic transmission
protective coating of the body and glasses (ballistic protection) against fragments and bullets at the end
gross vehicle weight with a load of up to 3400 kg.
In addition, the machines participating in the competition of development companies were required to:
accelerate from standstill to 48 km / h in six to eight seconds
carry a load weighing 1135 kg
overcome a 45 cm vertical barrier
provide air transportability on board or on the external sling of the UH-60A Blackhawk helicopter
independently leave the place of shelling on the shot flat tires.
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