Warm intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC)
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MEDICAL ANIMATION TRANSCRIPT: Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, or HIPEC, is a treatment option for patients with advanced cancer that has spread to the abdominal cavity or peritoneum. Doctors begin with what is called cytoreductive surgery to remove all visible tumors from the abdominal area. The extent of the surgery depends on what is found during surgery. Surgery may include the removal of tumors from the upper and lower abdominal area, over the omentum, liver, stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, pancreas, spleen, appendix, uterus, ovaries, and peritoneal surfaces. Surgery to remove tumors is thorough and aggressive and aims to preserve organs whenever possible. The doctor carefully examines the abdominal region, quadrant by quadrant, looking for and removing tumors. With great care, the doctor uses highly specialized surgical techniques to remove tumors from the peritoneal surfaces and organs and seal off small blood vessels. All visible tumors are removed. The doctor then administers HIPEC, or heated chemotherapy, to kill any remaining cancer cells that cannot be seen. Temperature tubes and probes are placed in the abdominal cavity. The doctor briefly closes the skin of the abdomen with stitches. The abdominal cavity is flooded with a solution that includes chemotherapy drugs, which is heated. The tubes and probes are connected to a machine. This machine controls the temperature and flow of the solution. The heated chemotherapy solution circulates continuously through the abdominal cavity so that the cavity is evenly exposed to the heat and chemotherapy. The combination of heat and chemotherapy causes the solution to kill microscopic cancer cells. [silence] Gentle vibration is applied to the abdomen to help distribute the solution to all surfaces within the abdomen. After HIPEC treatment, the fluid is drained from the abdominal cavity. The abdomen is reopened, and the tubes and catheters are removed. At this point, any necessary reconstructive surgeries are performed. For example, the doctor may need to reconnect the removed colon. Finally, the doctor closes the abdominal incision. The surgery and HIPEC treatment together can take between 6 and 12 hours.
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