Galaxies, complex collections of stars and dark matter, are ever-evolving ecosystems—perfect environments for a wide-field telescope like Roman to study. Roman will be capable of providing precise information about the distances of galaxies, which will help us to map galaxies in three dimensions using spectroscopy.
Thanks to its ability to detect near-infrared light, Roman will be able to see deep into the early universe. Astronomers predict that Roman will detect over 10-20 million small, early galaxies undergoing intense star formation and distinguish them by analyzing their chemical signatures.
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