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Essential elements in coconut nutrition
Of the primary nutrients, potash (K) has been found to be the most important in coconut cultivation, followed by nitrogen (N). There is a general response to the application of K and N; while response to phosphorous (P) is seen only in certain restricted and localized condition.
Among the secondary nutrients, magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl) have beneficial effects, followed by calcium (Ca), Sulphur(S) and sodium (Na). Among micro-nutrients, zinc (Zn), boron (B) and manganese (Mn) are required under certain restricted conditions.
Effects of Nutrients:
Nitrogen: The supply of nitrogen which is a constituent of plant cells as well as chlorophyll, the green colouring matter of leaves, is of great importance for the rapid development and growth of the trees. Nitrogen promotes the developments of the vegetative parts of the plant especially the leaves and shoots as well as to increase the number of leaves.
Phosphorus: Phosphorus is found especially in leaves and seeds and also in parts of the plants where vigorous cell division is taking place. It plays an important role in root growth and increased yields.
Potassium: Potash has its important and specific functions apart from those, which it jointly performs in association with phosphorus. It regulates the water economy of the plant and so is indispensable for the rational utilization of limited water supplies for the production of the highest possible yields. It enables the plant to withstand drought. Potash is known to help root development, enabling the palm to take up more nutrients from the soil. Since potash is particularly necessary for the formation of sugar, fat, and fibrous material, the coconut palm may be expected to have a high requirement of potash.
Manganese: It aids in the formation of chlorophyll in leaves. It is present mostly in lower leaves and provides favourable growth conditions during younger stages of palm.
Magnesium: Magnesium (Mg) has beneficial effects on the general growth and productivity of palm. Magnesium improved production of more female flowers, high setting percentage and more number of nuts per bunch. It also plays an important role in photosynthesis and greenness of leaves.
Sulphur: Sulphur increases the oil content and reduces N and sugar contents.
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