In this video, historian Yevgeny Spitsyn discusses how the Bolsheviks, amid the collapse of the Russian Empire and the rise of separatist movements, created the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Spitsyn explains that the Bolsheviks, faced with internal and external threats, chose the option of union republics to avoid another civil war on national and religious grounds. He also emphasizes that the resilience of the Soviet system was confirmed during the Great Patriotic War.