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In this video you are going to learn about Computational Thinking and Problem Solving:
What is programming?
What is Problem Solving?
Problem Solving Cycle.
Analysing a problem.
Input, Process and Output.
Designing the Algorithm.
Representation of Algorithm.
Flowcharts and Flowchart Symbols.
What is Pseudo code (Su-doh-Code)?
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Computer Science
CLASS-XI
Code No. 083
2020-21
Unit II: Computational Thinking and Programming - 1
Introduction to Problem solving: Problem solving cycle - Analysing a problem,
designing algorithms and representation of algorithm using flowchart and
pseudo-code.
Decomposition - concept, need for decomposing a problem, examples of
problem solving using decomposition.
Familiarization with the basics of Python programming: a simple “hello world"
program, the process of writing a program (Interactive & Script mode),
running it and print statements; simple data-types: integer, float and string.
● Features of Python, Python Character Set, Token & Identifiers, Keywords,
Literals, Delimiters, Operators.
● Comments: (Single line & Multiline/ Continuation statements), Clarity &
Simplification of expression
● Introduce the notion of a variable and methods to manipulate it (concept of
L-value and R-value even if not taught explicitly).
● Knowledge of data types and operators: accepting input from the console,
assignment statement, expressions, operators and their precedence.
● Operators & types: Binary operators-Arithmetic, Relational Operators,
Logical Operators, Augmented Assignment Operators.
● Execution of a program, errors- syntax error, run-time error and logical
error.
● Conditional statements: if, if-else, if-elif-else; simple programs: e.g.:
absolute value, sort 3 numbers and divisibility of a number.
● Notion of iterative computation and control flow: for(range(),len()), while,
using flowcharts, suggested programs: calculation of simple and compound
interests, finding the factorial of a positive number etc.
● Strings: Traversal, operations – concatenation, repetition, membership;
functions/methods–len(), capitalize(), title(), upper(), lower(), count(), find(),
index(), isalnum(), islower(), isupper(), isspace(), isalpha(), isdigit(), split(),
partition(), strip(), lstrip(), rstrip(), replace(); String slicing.
● Lists: Definition, Creation of a list, Traversal of a list. Operations on a list -
concatenation, repetition, membership; functions/methods–len(), list(),append(), extend(), insert(), count(), index(), remove(), pop(), reverse(),
sort(), min(), max(), sum(); Lists Slicing; Nested lists; finding the maximum,
minimum, mean of numeric values stored in a list; linear search on list of
numbers and counting the frequency of elements in a list.
● Tuples: Definition, Creation of a Tuple, Traversal of a tuple. Operations on
a tuple - concatenation, repetition, membership; functions/methods –
len(), tuple(), count(), index(), sorted(), min(), max(), sum(); Nested tuple;
Tuple slicing; finding the minimum, maximum, mean of values stored in a
tuple; linear search on a tuple of numbers, counting the frequency of
elements in a tuple.
● Dictionary: Definition, Creation, Accessing elements of a dictionary, add an
item, modify an item in a dictionary; Traversal, functions/methods – len(),
dict(), keys(), values(), items(), get(), update(), del(), del, clear(),
fromkeys(), copy(), pop(), popitem(), setdefault(), max(), min(), count(),
sorted() copy(); Suggested programs : count the number of times a
character appears in a given string using a dictionary, create a dictionary
with names of employees, their salary and access them.
● Sorting algorithm: bubble and insertion sort; count the number of
operations while sorting.
● Introduction to Python modules: Importing math module (pi, e, sqrt, ceil,
floor, pow, fabs, sin, cos, tan); random module (random, randint,
randrange), statistics module (mean, median, mode).
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