Musical timekeeping - From the pendulum to the metronome 1582 - 1930 BPM
Artstation: https://www.artstation.com/michaelcga...
Sketchfab: https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/galil...
RESEARCH:
Die Mechanisierung des Tempos:
von Galileos Pendel bis zu Mälzels Metronom
https://www.transcript-open.de/doi/10...
Mozar´s Tempo-System
Mälzels Mord an Mozart
Die untauglichen Versuche, musikalische Zeit zu messen
http://www.mozarttempi.de/maelzel.html
A Brief History of the Mechanical Metronome
https://guarnerihall.org/a-brief-hist...
Thomas Mace
Musick's monument
(Music Practice with a pendulum, Chap. XI, P80)
https://archive.org/details/musicksmo...
Galileo
Il Saggiatore. Rom 1623
Dialogo sopra i due massimi sistemi. Florenz 1632
Discorsi e dimostrazioni matematiche intorno a due nuove scienze. Leiden 1638
Gelileo´s escapement
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo...
Galileo, Huygens and the pendulum clock: Isochronism and Synchronicity
https://www.researchgate.net/publicat...
Pendulum Clock
http://galileo.rice.edu/sci/instrumen...
Zacconi Lodovico
Monochord and Pendulum
Prattica di Musica
https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en...
PULSILOGIUM
Sanctorius Sanctorius – Chronophysiology in the seventeenth century
https://www.researchgate.net/publicat...
The Pulsilogium of Santorio: New Light on Technology and Measurement in Early Modern Medicine
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
Commentaria in primam Fen primi libri Canonis Avicennae
Santori, Santorio (1561-1636)
https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt...
De proportione motus: seu regula sphygmica ad celeritatem et tarditatem
von Jan Marek Marci z Kronlanduhttps://books.google.at/books?id=aqdZ...
Christiaan Huygens
File:Huygens first pendulum clock.png
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
License: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_...
Christiani Hugenii Zulichemii, const. f. Horologium oscillatorium
https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_e_...
CHRONOMETRE
Loulié, Étienne: Éléments ou principes de musique mis dans un nouvel ordre
https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/de...
Sauveur, Joseph (1653-1716)
Principes d'acoustique et de musique, ou Système général des intervalles des sons et de son application à tous les systèmes et à tous les instruments de musique
https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt...
METROMETRE
Louis-Léon Pajot (Pajeau) Comte d’Onzembray
Histoire de l'Académie Royale des Sciences 1732
https://books.google.at/books?id=vzP-...
Choquel, Henri L.:
La Musique rendue sensible par la Méchanique
https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en...
Abel Burja (BPM)
Beschreibung eines musikalischen Zeitmessers
https://books.google.at/books?id=HTBD...
Dietrich Nikolaus Winkel 1776-1826
„Metronome“ Chronometer
https://www.kunstmuseum.nl/en/collect...
F. W. Opelt (Metronom to Pendulum scale)
Allgemeine Theorie der Musik auf den Rhythmus der Klangwellenpulse
https://books.google.at/books?id=f-4s...
Mälzel Metronom „Box“
https://momh.org.uk/exhibitions/johan...
Mälzel Metronom Variants („single bar“)
https://journalofantiques.com/feature...
File:Metronome MET 215848.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
License: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_...
Beethoven Mälzel Metronom Calculator Sheet
Bestimmung des musikalischen Zeitmasses nach Mälzel's Metronom: Zweite Lieferung. Beethoven sämmtliche Quartetten von dem Author selbst bezeichnet
https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/i...
Beethoven's Symphony Number 9 in D Minor, Opus 125-1822
https://www.loc.gov/resource/gdcwdl.w...
Mälzel METROME – Musical Time keeper – Patent England 1815
https://books.google.at/books?id=dO80...
00:00 Intro
00:20 Timezoom
01:46 Galileo Pendulum
03:06 Santori Pulsilogium
04:31 Mersenne
05:22 Galileo escapement
06:25 Huygens 1st pendulum
07:24 Thomas Mace
08:18 Loulié Chronometre
09:23 Sauveur Echometre
10:07 Onzembray Metrometre
11:46 Burja BPM
14:00 Pridgin Chronometer
14:39 Mälzel Chronometer
15:42 Winkel Chronometer
17:31 Mälzel Metronome
22:14 Time Keeping before
23:35 Metronome Variants