RANKS IN SQL
RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY partition_expression ORDER BY sort_expression [ASC|DESC])
PARTITION BY: This clause divides the result set into partitions or groups based on the values in the specified column(s). The ranking is reset for each partition. If you omit this clause, the entire result set is treated as a single partition.
ORDER BY: This clause specifies the column(s) by which the ranking should be determined. Rows are sorted based on these columns before assigning ranks. You can also specify the sorting order (ascending or descending) using the ASC (ascending) or DESC (descending) keyword.
RANK() function may result in tied ranks. If two or more rows have the same values for the ranking columns, they will receive the same rank, and the next rank will be skipped.
DENSE_RANK(): Similar to RANK(), but it doesn't skip ranks for tied rows. If multiple rows have the same values, they will be assigned the same rank, and the next rank will not be skipped.
ROW_NUMBER(): Assigns a unique sequential integer to each row within the specified partition. Unlike RANK() and DENSE_RANK(), tied rows are assigned distinct numbers.
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