Overview of the CNS (Pars, Neurons, Neuroglia, White & Grey Matter, Development) - Anatomy

Опубликовано: 31 Октябрь 2024
на канале: Taim Talks Med

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2.8k

Content:
0:00 Introduction
0:37 Parts of the Central Nervous System
1:36 Neurons
4:30 Functions of Neurons
5:28 Neuroglia
6:41 Distribution of White and Grey Matter
7:54 Nervous Tracts
9:16 Nervous System Development

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Central Nervous System Parts:
The Brain (Encephalon)
○ Medulla Oblongata
○ Pons
○ Mesencephalon
○ Cerebellum
○ Diencephalon
○ Telencephalon
Spinal Cord (Medulla Spinalis)

Neurons:
Neurons form Nerve Tissue
Dendrites
Cell body (nucleus)
Axons
Axon Terminal
CNS: Oligodendrocytes
PNS: Shwan Cells
Myelin Sheath
Histology: Granules, demarcation between axon and body
Multipolar Neuron
Pseudounipolar Neuron
Bipolar Neuron

Neuron Function:
Afferent (Sensory) Nerve
Interneuron
Efferent (Motor) Nerve

Neuroglia:
Give mechanical support and provides nutrients
Astrocytes form Blood Brain Barrier
Oligodendrocytes (myelination)
Microglia (Immune Cells)
Ependymal Cells (Lines cavities in the brain and spinal cord)

Distribution of White and Grey matter in the CNS:
Grey Matter (Rich in Nerve body and Dendrites)
White Matter (Myelinated Axons)
Cross Sections of Spinal Cord
○ Grey matter in centrum and white matter around
Cross Sections of Brain
○ Grey mater in cortex and in middle an white matter between

Nerve Tracts (Tractus Nervosi):
Bundle of axons that connect gray matter to gray matter
Classification
○ Association Fibers
○ Commisural Fibers
○ Projection Fibers
Classification
○ Ascending Tracts
○ Descending Tracts
○ Indirect Tracts

Development of Central Nervous System:
Week 4 after fertilization
○ Spinal Cord
○ Rhombencephalon (Hindbrain)
○ Mesencephlaon (Midbrain)
○ Prosencephalon (Forebrain)
Week 5 after fertilization
○ Spinal Cord
○ Myelencephalon
○ Metencephalon
○ Mesencephalon (Midbrain)
○ Diencephalon
○ Telencephalon

Sources used in this video:
Memorix Anatomy 2nd Edition by Hudák Radovan (Author), Kachlík David (Author), Volný Ondřej (Author)
Biorender
University notes and lectures