UInar nerve/Anatomy/Simplified - Course, relations & branches/ Guyon's canal Cubital Tunnel/in hindi
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In this video we discussed about ulnar nerve anatomy in detail.
Origin: Arises in the axilla from medial cord of brachial plexus.
Root value: C7, C8, T1.
Course, Relation & Branches:
In the axilla, the nerve lies medial to third part of axillary artery. It enters the arm as part of main neurovascular bundle and runs along the medial side of the brachial artery up to the level of insertion of coracobrachialis where it pierces the medial intermuscular septum to enter the posterior compartment of the arm and runs downwards to the back of the medial epicondyle of humerus. On the back of medial epicondyle, it is lodged in a groove where it can be easily palpated. The groove is converted into a tunnel called cubital tunnel by a fibrous band extending between medial epicondyle and olecranon process.
Branches in Arm & Axilla: No branch.
The nerve enters the forearm by passing between the two heads of flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU). In the upper third of forearm, it runs downwards under FCU. In the lower two-third of the forearm, it becomes superficial and lies lateral to the FCU and medial to the ulnar artery.
Branches in the forearm:
Articular branch: supply the elbow joints.
Muscular branches: flexor carpi ulnaris, Medial ½ of Flexor digitorum profundus
Cutaneous branches:
Palmar cutaneous branch: It enters the palm superficial to the flexor retinaculum to provide sensory innervation to the skin over the hypothenar eminence.
Dorsal cutaneous branch: It arises about 5 cm proximal to the wrist. It passes dorsally deep to FCU tendon and appears along the medial side of dorsum of hand. It provide sensory innervation to skin over medial 1/3rd of the dorsum of hand and dorsal aspect of the medial 1½ fingers (except middle and terminal phalanx of ring finger and little finger).
The ulnar nerve enters the palm by passing superficial to the flexor retinaculum. Just distal to pisiform, the ulnar nerve divides into its terminal superficial and deep branches.
Superficial terminal branch: Supplies the Palmaris brevis and divided into 2 branches:
1. Proper palmar digital nerve: supplies the medial side of the little finger.
2. Common palmar digital nerve
Digital nerves supply the skin on the palmar aspect of the medial 1½ of fingers as well as dorsal aspect of middle and terminal phalanx of ring finger and only the terminal phalanx of the little finger.
Deep terminal branch: It enters Guyon’s canal (pisohamate tunnel) under cover of pisohamate ligament and turn laterally within concavity of deep palmar arterial arch. It ends within substance of Add. Pollicis.
It gives Muscular branches to: Hypothenar muscles (Abductor Digiti Minimi, Flexor DM, and Opponens DM), Adductor pollicis, palmar & dorsal interosseous muscles, 3rd and 4th lumbricals
Ulnar nerve is also k/as Musician’s nerve because it supplies all the intrinsic muscles of the hand (except thenar muscles and lateral 2 lumbricals) which were concerned with the fine movements of the hand performed by the musician’s.
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Dr. Ankit Jain
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