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python's venv module allows you to create isolated environments for python projects, ensuring dependencies are kept separate and easily managed. requirements.txt is a file commonly used to list project dependencies. in this tutorial, we'll cover how to create a virtual environment using venv and install dependencies from a requirements.txt file.
before we begin, ensure you have python installed on your system. python 3.3 or newer comes with venv built-in, so you don't need to install anything extra.
open your terminal or command prompt.
navigate to your project directory (or create a new one for this tutorial).
run the following command to create a virtual environment named venv:
this command creates a directory named venv containing the virtual environment.
activate the virtual environment:
on windows:
on macos and linux:
you'll notice (venv) at the beginning of your command prompt, indicating that the virtual environment is active.
create a requirements.txt file in your project directory if you don't have one already. you can do this manually or by running:
add your project dependencies to requirements.txt. each dependency should be listed on a separate line, in the format package_name==version (e.g., numpy==1.21.3).
activate the virtual environment if it's not already activated.
run the following command to install dependencies from requirements.txt:
this command will install all the dependencies listed in requirements.txt into your virtual environment.
let's create a simple requirements.txt file with two dependencies: requests and numpy.
open requirements.txt in a text editor and add the following lines:
save the file and close the text editor.
ensure your virtual environment is activated.
run the following command to install the dependencies:
python will download and install requests version 2.26.0 and numpy version 1.21.3 into your virtual environment.
you've now learned how to create a virtual environment using venv and install project dependencies from a req ...
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