The Fibonacci series is a sequence of numbers where each number is the sum of the previous two numbers. The sequence starts with 0, 1, and then continues 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, and so on. This series is named after Leonardo of Pisa, who was known as Fibonacci, and it appears in various patterns in nature, such as the branching of trees and the arrangement of leaves on a stem. Understanding the Fibonacci sequence can help in fields like mathematics, computer science, and stock market analysis.