1-D Parcile-in-Cell simulation of collision-less plasma shock
1-D collision-less plasma shock evolution is performed by Particle-in-Cell simulation code. M/m=64, C/VA = 0.0125, MA=15 in the shock-rest frame. From the top to bottom, shown are the numbers of ions and electrons, Bz, Ex, and phase-space plots for the ion and electron. The reflected ions excite the Bunemann instability in the shock transition region.