Knitting machine
A knitting machine is a device used to create knitted fabrics semi- or fully automated. There are numerous types of knitting machines, ranging from a simple spool or board templates with no moving parts to highly complex mechanisms controlled by electronics. However, all produce various types of knitted fabrics, usually either flat or tubular, and of varying complexity. Pattern stitches can be selected by hand manipulation of the needles, push buttons and dials, mechanical punch cards, or electronic pattern reading devices and computers.
Process:
Early flatbed stocking frames had low carbon steel bearded needles where the tips were reflexed and could be depressed onto a hollow closing the loop. The needles were supported on a needle bar (bed) that passed back and forth, to and from the operator. The beards were simultaneously depressed by a presser bar.
The needle bar goes forward- the open needles clear the web
The weft thread is laid on the needles
The weft thread falls loosely
The needle bar draws back, and the weft is pulled in the open needles
The needle bar draws back, the presser bar drops, the needle loops close and the weft is drawn back through the web
The needles open, and a new row has been added to the web which drops under gravity
This basic process can still be recognized in all machines, but it has been refined as new technologies have become available.