14-Exception
n exception in Java is an event that disrupts the normal flow of a program's execution. It occurs during runtime and can be caused by various issues, such as invalid user input, file not found, or network errors. Exceptions in Java are objects that represent an error or unexpected event. They are handled using try-catch blocks or declared to be thrown using the throws keyword.
Java exceptions are categorized into two main types:
Checked Exceptions: These are exceptions that the compiler forces the programmer to handle. They must be either caught or declared in the method signature. Examples include IOException and SQLException.
Unchecked Exceptions: These are exceptions that are not checked at compile-time, meaning the programmer is not required to handle them. They usually represent programming errors, such as NullPointerException and ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException. These are subclasses of RuntimeException.