Arches of foot (Part - 2)/ Lateral Longitudinal Arch/ Anatomy - Structures & Maintenance Factors
#archesoffoot #mediallongitudinalarch #laterallongitudinalarch #mbbs #anatomy #lowerlimbanatomy #smartmedlearn
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Links of other parts of arches of foot videos:
Arches of foot (Part-1)/Medial Longitudinal Arch/Anatomy -Structures & Maintenance Factors
• Arches of foot (Part-1)/Medial Longitudina...
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Arches of Foot
The foot performs two major functions:
1. It acts as a pliable platform to support the body weight during standing position.
2. It acts as a lever to propel the body forward during walking, running, and jumping.
To fulfill the first function, the foot is designed in the form of elastic arches.
The arches of the foot are present right from birth, but due to the presence of excessive subcutaneous fat in the soles, they are not apparent (i.e., masked) during infancy and childhood.
• An arched foot is a distinctive feature of man, which distinguishes him from other primates.
Factors Maintaining the Arches of the Foot
The students can easily appreciate the factors maintaining the arches of the foot by applying the engineering device used to support a stone bridge. The devices used to support a stone bridge are :
1. Shape of stones.
2. Intersegmental ties (staples).
3. Slings.
4. Tie beams.
TYPES OF ARCHES
There are two types of arches of the foot—longitudinal and transverse.
1. There are two longitudinal arches in each foot: (a) medial (b) lateral.
2. There are a series of transverse arches in each foot. At the heads of metatarsals, the transverse arch is complete but posteriorly it forms a half dome, which is completed by its counterpart in the opposite foot. Thus, in the posterior part of the foot the transverse arch becomes complete
when the both feet are held close to each other.
Lateral Longitudinal Arch
The Lateral longitudinal arch is formed by the calcaneum, cuboid, and lateral two metatarsals bones.
Pillars
1. posterior pillar is formed by lateral tubercle of the calcaneum
2. anterior pillar is formed by heads of the lateral two metatarsals
Summit
Articular facets on the superior surface of calcaneum (At the level of subtalar joint)
Keystone
-Cuboid
Joints
The main joints of the lateral longitudinal arch is Calcaneo-cuboidal joint.
Factors Maintaining the Medial Longitudinal Arch
1. wedge shaped Bones
2. Intersegmental ties
(a) Short plantar ligament
(b) Long plantar ligament
3. Tie beam
(a) Lateral part of the plantar aponeurosis
(b) Abductor digiti minimi
(c) Lateral part of Flexor digitorum brevis (FDB)
(d)Flexor digiti minimi brevis (FDMB)
4. Slings
(a) Tendon of Peroneus brevis and Peroneus tertius
(b) Tendon of Peroneus longus
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Smart Med Learn
Dr. Ankit Jain
MBBS, MS