This is why processors run at low voltage!
Why do modern computer processors and digital microchips operate at low voltage? The basic, minimal unit of a microprocessor is the MOSFET (Mono-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor). To turn the transistor on, its gate capacitance must be charged, which requires energy. The energy stored as an electric field in any capacitor is directly proportional to the capacitance and supply voltage, but the energy is a function of the square of the voltage. Therefore, the power consumed by the power supply to charge the capacitance of the millions and billions of transistors contained in the processor also depends on the processor's operating frequency. This means that, for a given operating frequency and gate capacitance of the field-effect transistors, the supply voltage must be reduced to reduce power consumption. Moreover, halving the voltage will reduce power consumption by a factor of four.
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