Different Types of Malware | How many types of Malware ?
Different Types of Malware | How many types of Malware ?
Topics Covered
0:00 - Starting
0:08 - Worm
0:38 - Viruses
1:08 - Bots & Botnets
1:38 - Trojan Horse
2:08 - Randsomware
2:38 - Adware & Scams
3:08 - Spyware
3:38 - Phishing & Scams
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1. Worms
Worms are spread via software vulnerabilities or phishing attacks. Once a worm has installed itself into your computer’s memory, it starts to infect the whole machine and in some cases… your whole network.
Depending on the type of worm and your security measures, they can do serious damage. These parasitic nasties can…
Modify and delete files
Inject malicious software onto computers
Replicate themselves over and over to deplete system resources
Steal your data
Install a convenient backdoor for hackers
They can infect large numbers of computers fast, consuming bandwidth and overloading your web server as they go.
2. Viruses
Unlike worms, viruses need an already-infected active operating system or program to work. Viruses are typically attached to an executable file or a word document.
Most people are probably aware that a .exe file extension could lead to issues if it’s not from a trusted source. But there are hundreds of other file extensions that denote an executable file.
Usually spread via infected websites, file sharing, or email attachment downloads, a virus will lie dormant until the infected host file or program is activated. Once that happens, the virus is able to replicate itself and spread through your systems.
3. Bots & Botnets
A bot is a computer that’s been infected with malware so it can be controlled remotely by a hacker.
That bot (aka a zombie computer), can then be used to launch more attacks or to become part of a collection of bots (aka a botnet).
Botnets are popular with hacker show-offs (the more bots you collect, the mightier a hacker you are) and cyber criminals spreading ransomware. Botnets can include millions of devices as they spread undetected.
Botnets help hackers with all manner of malicious activities, including:
DDoS attacks
Keylogging, screenshots and webcam access
Spreading other types of malware
Sending spam and phishing messages
Malware trojan horse
4. Trojan Horses
Just as it sounds, a Trojan Horse is a malicious program that disguises itself as a legitimate file. Because it looks trustworthy, users download it and… hey presto, in storms the enemy.
Trojans themselves are a doorway. Unlike a worm, they need a host to work. Once you’ve got the Trojan on your device, hackers can use it to…
Delete, modify and capture data
Harvest your device as part of a botnet
Spy on your device
Gain access to your network
Malware ransomware
5. Ransomware
Ransomware denies or restricts access to your own files. Then it demands payment (usually with crypto-currencies) in return for letting you back in.
In May 2017, a ransomware attack spread across 150 countries and compromised over 200k computers within just one day. Aptly named WannaCry, the attack caused damage estimated in the hundreds of millions to billions of dollars.
WannaCry affected MS Operating systems that did not have the latest patch installed for a known vulnerability. To reduce the risk of ransomware attacks…
Always keep your Operating System up to date
Keep your Anti-Virus software up to date
Back-up your most important files
6. Adware & Scams
Adware is one of the better-known types of malware. It serves pop-ups and display ads that often have no relevance to you.
Some users will put up with certain types of adware in return for free software (games for example). But not all adware is equal. At best, it’s annoying and slows down your machine. At worst, the ads link to sites where malicious downloads await unsuspecting users. Adware can also deliver
Malware spyware
7. Spyware
Spyware secretly records your online activity, harvesting your data and collecting personal information such as usernames, passwords and surfing habits.
Spyware is a common threat, usually distributed as freeware or shareware that has an appealing function on the front end with a covert mission running in the background that you might never notice. It’s often used to carry out identity theft and credit card fraud.
8. Spam & Phishing
Phishing is a type of social engineering attack, rather than a type of malware. But is a common method of cyber attack. Phishing is successful since the emails sent, text messages and web links created look like they’re from trusted sources. They’re sent by criminals to fraudulently acquire personal and financial information.
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