Colorectal cancer screening
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MEDICAL ANIMATION TRANSCRIPT: Colorectal cancer screening tests look for signs of cancer in the large intestine before symptoms occur. These tests can help detect cancer at an early stage, making it easier to treat because the cancer may not have spread. Colorectal cancer screening is recommended for everyone age 45 and older. You may need screening earlier and more often if you or your family have a history of colorectal cancer or diseases that inflame your intestine. Some tests detect colorectal cancer by looking inside the large intestine. These tests include sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, and colonography. A sigmoidoscopy looks at the lower third of the large intestine using a camera on the end of a flexible tube. The tube is inserted through the anus into the large intestine to look for polyps and other signs of cancer. A colonoscopy also views the large intestine using a similar camera. However, the entire length of the large intestine is viewed for polyps or other signs of cancer. A colonography, also known as a virtual colonoscopy, uses CT scans of the large intestine. A computer uses the scans to create a 3D image of the inside of the large intestine that can be used to detect signs of cancer. Other tests detect colorectal cancer by studying stool. Fecal blood tests look for traces of blood in stool samples. These tests are often performed in combination with a sigmoidoscopy. The presence of blood in the stool can be a sign of colon polyps or cancer. However, blood in the stool can have causes other than cancer. Talk to your healthcare provider about what your test results mean. In a stool DNA test, a stool sample is checked for abnormal DNA from polyps or cancer. If you have questions about these tests or your test results, talk to your doctor.
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