What is a Whirlpool? | Vortex, Coriolis Force, Maelstroms
A whirlpool is a body of swirling water that forms when two opposite currents meet. It can also be created when flowing water hits some kind of barrier. Whirlpools can appear in small areas where a piece of land falls into the water causing the water to swirl around.
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When two or more whirlpools are close together they can merge to become one huge whirlpool. A whirlpool with a downdraft is known as a Vortex. When a whirlpool pulls an object towards its axis then into its core, it eventually randomly releases the object from the opposite end of the core back into the body of water from whence it came. Maelstroms are the biggest and most dangerous kinds of whirlpools and can pull-in canoes and small boats. The biggest Maelstroms can reach up to 10 meters or 33 feet in diameter and 5 meters in depth. Maelstrom is a Dutch word meaning “whirling stream”. The strongest Maelstrom in the world is called Saltstraumen and is located near Norway and forms four times a day when tides carry large amounts of water. The Coriolis force is a weird phenomenon caused by the earth's rotation and is responsible for pulling air currents in different directions, explaining why water currents go to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. A popular myth states that water in a toilette gets affected by the Coriolis force and thus spins differently in the southern hemisphere. This myth, however, has been proven wrong.