What is a Virus? | Difference between virus and bacteria, Treatment for virus infection, in English.
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what is a virus, how it spread , how does it spread
The name virus is taken from Latin language. Virus replicates only in cells. So they grow in life forms. Because of this rapid growth of viruses in cells infect all life forms, like Humans, animals, plants, bacteria and archaea.
Virus has either DNA genome or RNA genome. Most of the viruses made up of protein.
There are so many viruses living in our planet in different life forms. In them Scientists discovered some viruses which harmful to life forms or living organisms. And lot more viruses not discovered yet.
Some dangerous viruses are Ebola, Smalpox, Marburg virus, Rabies, Hanta virus, HIV virus, Influenza virus, Rota virus, Dengue, SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and Corona which created deadly impact on humans.
Discovery of Viruses
We have million types of viruses in ecosystem, in them Scientists discovered 5000 types of virus species.
In 1892 Dmitri Iosifovich Ivanovsky described about a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants. Followed by this in 1898 Martinus Willem Beijerinck discovered Tobacco mosaic virus.
In 1955 Rosalind Franklin discovered the full structure of the virus, from X ray diffraction picture.
We can't see virus through optical microscoCorona (COVID 19) need a electrone microscope. In 1931 we obtained first image of the Virus after the invention of electron microscopy.
Difference between virus and bacteria.
When comparing to bacteria, viruses are smaller in size. Unlike bacteria, viruses are only grown in cells of life forms. Bacteria's live in soil, ocean and living organisms, but all bacteria not harmful to living organisms. Most of viruses are threatened to living organisms.
How long viruses live outside the body ?
Depending upon type of a virus and type of a surface and atmosphere they alive from hours to days. Generally viruses are stay live in cold atmosphere, low sunlight, low humidity long time.
The size and shape of a virus.
Viruses are very smaller in size than bacteria. Size or diameter of viruses would be in between 20 to 300 nanometers.
Different Viruses have different shapes and sizes.
How viruses enter into our body ?
Viruses are enter into our body through several ways, some viruses are transfer from insects, mosquitoes after biting. By exchanging of saliva through mouth, exanging of fluids through physical contact and by taking contaminated food.
Viruses grow or replicate them self only in cells. They do not have any cell metabolism to grow. that's why they depending upon other living organism.
How viruses can cause diseases?
Cells are sources for virus growth, If viruses grow rapidly in cells of other living organisms, such life organisms lost their stability and get infections this type of situations leads to death or sickness.
Prevention and treatment.
If we want to destroy virus by drugs it will also destroy host cells in living organism. So this activity also create impact on lifeforms. Vaccination is best way to control the viruses in host cells. Vaccination gives immune power to host cells so they resists the virus particles. The other way of killing viruses by using antiviral drugs. Antiviral drugs creates fake DNA blocks in body, when the viruses replicate in this fake DNA genome, the life cycle of virusesare halted.
Viruses are helpful in the evolution of life organisms?
Yes, Viruses are in the form of DNA and RNA molecules which transfer one different species to other species and living along with them causes several changes in them. Because of this genome exchange between different living organism from the beginning of life on earth made several changes in them.
So unintentionally Viruses are making evolutions in every lifeform of earth.
And also Viruses are help Scientists to study about DNA replication, transcription, RNA processing, translation, protein transport, and immunology.
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